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ACID PAPER: Impermanent papers (PH below
7.0) that tend to yellow over time.
ALKALINE PAPER: Permanent paper (PH 7.5 to 8.2)
ANTIQUE FINISH: Rough, toothy, open texture; hand made look
BASIS WEIGHT: The weight in pounds of 500
sheets of paper at the paper’s basic size (60, 70, 80 pound, etc.)
BINDING: Operations necessary for making printed sheets into books,
catalog, magazines, etc. (saddle stitch, perfect, plasticoil, etc.)
BLANKS AND BOARDS: Paper boards (over .012 in thickness), produced
on cylinder machines.
BLEACHING: Removing stains; chemical treatment used to whiten
and purify pulp.
BOND: Writing paper; reprographic paper used for letterheads and
business forms, manufactured at a basic size of 17" x 22"
BOOK PAPER: A type of offset paper, basic size is 25" x 38",
book paper has a different basis weight than bond.
BRIGHTNESS: The measurement of reflected light from a paper surface.
BRISTOL: Heavy, stiff paper characterized by bulk and strength;
includes index and printing bristols
BURSTING STRENGTH: The amount of uniformly applied pressure required
to rupture a sheet of paper
C1S: (Coated 1 Side) Paper coated on only
side
C2S: (Coated 2 Sides) Paper coated on both sides
CALENDERING: The mechanical treatment of a coated sheet which
renders smoothness and gloss-passing paper through a series of alternating
steel and cotton rolls to smooth the surface and control bulk.
CALIPER: bulk or thickness (measured in mils-thousandths of an
inch)
CARBONLESS PAPERS: Paper chemically treated so that duplicate
copies can be produced without the use of carbons
CAST COATED: Exceptionally smooth coated paper characterized by
a highly polished, mirror-like surface.
CLAY: A filler; pigment used in coating paper
COATED PAPER: Gloss, matte, or dull paper composed of a base sheet
covered on one or both sides with a finishing layer
COTTON CONTENT BOND: Watermarked writing paper containing cotton
fiber
CURL: The tendency of paper to bend rather than like flat-this
happens more frequently with thinner papers.
CUT-SIZE: Papers cut to a finished size of 8 1/2" x 11,"
8 1/2" x 14" or 11" x 17"
CWT: per hundred pounds
DECKLE EDGE: Untrimmed feathery edge formed
by straps and water or air jets; commonly seen on wedding announcements
DOT GAIN: the tendency for the dots of halftones and four-color
images to print larger than they are on the film or plate. This reduces
sharpness and can change the color of a piece
DULL COATED: A coated finish that is between glossy and matte-little
or no gloss; it has a sheen rather than a shine.
DUMMY: An unprinted sample made to the exact dimensions of the
final piece
DUPLEX: Two sheets of paper stock laminated together-they can
be the same or different colors.
DUSTING: Coating dust or filler which builds on the blanket in
the non-image area. Also running paper through the press without ink to
get rid of dust on the paper.
EMBOSSING: Pressing a shape or letters
into a sheet of paper with a metal or plastic die, creating a raised (embossed)
image.
FELT SIDE: The side of a sheet of paper
which is not in contact with the fourdrinier wire during paper making.
FILLERS: Additives which impart physical, optical qualities.
FINISH: The surface characteristics of a paper, or its coating.
GLOSS COATED: A shiny surface-high degree
of light reflectance
GRAIN: The direction in which most fibers lie in a sheet of paper.
HOLDOUT: The paper’s ability to uniformly
hold ink on the paper’s surface for sharper dots and higher ink gloss.
LAID FINISH: A subtle linear pattern caused
by a dandy roll.
LEDGER: Stiff, heavy paper designed to withstand a maximum of
handling
LINEN FINISH: A paper finish similar to the texture of linen fabric.
M WEIGHT: The weight of 1,000 sheets of
paper.
M: Thousand
MATTE COATED: Non-glossy, coated paper characterized by a glare-free
background.
MOTTLE: When ink adheres unevenly to the paper; it makes solids
look uneven.
OFFSET PAPERS: Papers manufactured for
the purpose of printing by the offset process; more resistant to water
so it dries quickly and less susceptible to picking.
OPACITY: The extent to which light transmission is obstructed,
or the degree of show through.
PARCHMENT: A high wet-strength, greaseproof
paper made by passing paper through a sulfuric acid bath.
PARENT SIZE: full sheet size purchased.
PH: The measure of acidity and alkalinity from 0-14.
PICK RESISTANCE: Surface strength
PICKING: Parts of the surface of the paper come off while printing
POST-CONSUMER WASTE: Paper, paperboard and fibrous wastes from
retail stores, office buildings and homes after they have passed through
their end-usage as a consumer item.
PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAPERS: Papers with a permanently tacky adhesive
which sticks to a surface with contact and applied pressure.
PULP: The wet slurry of fibers and water-the basic ingredient
of paper.
REAM: 500 sheets
RECYCLED PAPER: Paper made from recovered waste paper.
SAFETY: Papers designed for protection
against alterations-commonly used for printing checks.
SCORING: Creation of a crease to assist folding.
SMOOTHNESS: The surface consistency and evenness.
SIZING: An agent applied to the paper surface to increase water
resistance, eliminate abrasiveness and fuzz, and improve bonding strength.
STARCH: A sizing agent added to the paper surface to increase
resistance to water or ink, to eliminate abrasiveness, and to improve
printing properties and bonding strength.
TAG: Strong, heavy paper calendered to
a smooth hard finish.
TCF: Totally Chlorine Free
TEXT AND COVER: Uncoated printing paper of unusually high quality.
It comes in a broad range of finishes and colors.
THICKNESS: Bulk or caliper
TOOTH: The surface roughness
TWO SIDEDNESS: The difference in appearance between the felt and
wire sides.
VELLUM: A finish that is fairly even; not
quite as even as a smooth finish.
WATERMARK: The modification of the formation
and opacity of a sheet of paper so that a pattern, design, or work group
can be seen in the dried sheet when held up to the light.
WEB: roll
WHITENESS: The paper’s ability to reflect the entire visible
spectrum of light.
WIRE SIDE: The side of a sheet of paper which is in contact with
the Fourdrinier wire during web formation.
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